2021河南專升本英語閱讀理解練習

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　　Robot Revolution? Scientists Teach Robots to Learn

　　Would a robot serving you coffee in bed make waking up easier on weekend mornings? Could a household robot help an elderly relative who is living alone? How would you like to climb into a robotic car and eat breakfast with kids while you’re all driven to school and work?

　　These scenarios(情況) may sound like science fiction, but experts say they’re a lot closer to becoming a reality than you probably think.

　　Brown University roboticist Chad Jenkins expects a near-term robot revolution that will echo the computing revolution of recent decades. And he says it will be driven by enabling robots to learn more like humans do—by watching others demonstrate behaviors and asking questions.

　　“The robots you’re seeing now mostly are analogous(相似的) to the mainframe computer of the 1970s,” Jenkins said. “But you’re starting to see things develop. The vacuum cleaners(真空吸塵器)， the drones(無人機), those are the initial steps,” he said, referring to iRobot Roomba vacuum cleaner, which has autonomously cleaned millions of homes since its 2002 debut(初次露面).

　　“And these platforms are going to get cheaper while becoming more capable and more compact,” he added.

　　And entrepreneurs like Dmitry Grishin, founder of a major Russian investment firm dedicated to personal robotics, have taken notice. He says the industry could be worth $18 billion.

　　And to really transform, roboticists say, robots will have to evolve from machines that can perform only the tasks that they’re programmed to do into automatons that can truly learn. That’s because it’s impossible to pre-program a robot for everything it will encounter in the everchanging real world.

　　“If you look at where robots are successful right now, it’s primarily in applications where the environment is very controlled, like an assembly line where everything is the same, or in the hands of experts with PhDs, where we see them on Mars.” said Chernova.

　　“To really get them to handle the complexities of our real world,” she said, “they are going to have to be customized onsite. It’s not going to happen tomorrow, but it’s very close.”

　　Such a leap could help bring robots into the mainstream.

　　問題：

　　1.According to this passage, a robot in the future can______ .

　　A.wake you up earlier on Saturday and Sunday mornings

　　B.serve you coffee in bed

　　C.build the helpful house for homeless elderly people

　　D.pick up your children from school when you have your breakfast

　　2.Chad Jenkins believes that______ .

　　A.a robot revolution will happen before the computing revolution

　　B.a robot revolution will be driven by making robots like humans

　　C.the robot revolution happened in the 1970s

　　D.drones are the initial steps of development

　　3.Dmitry Grishin _________.

　　A.is a major Russian investment firm

　　B.is an entrepreneur who works in a robot company

　　C.established an investment firm

　　D.established a robot company

　　4. Robots have to become automatons that can truly learn because_______ .A.they are going to be cheaperB.they are ever-changing machinesC.it’s impossible to pre-program a robot for everything it will meet withD.the robots can perform only tasks that they’re programmed to do

　　5.Which of the following statements is not true?

　　A.The drones are the initial steps of the robot revolution.

　　B.The robot platforms are going to be invaluable.

　　C.Robots will learn more like humans do in the future.

　　D.Robots can work successfully where the environment is very controlled

　　參考答案：

　　1、【參考答案】B

　　【考點】事實細節(jié)題

　　【精析】B 根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，在不久的將來，機器人會把咖啡給你端到床上以便讓你在周末早上更容易醒來，所以A項不正確，B項正確;根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，家用機器人能幫助獨居的老人，C項中的homeless意為“無家可歸的”，與原文不符;根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，在不久的將來，機器人汽車會送你和孩子們?nèi)ド习嗪蜕蠈W，而你們則坐在車里吃早餐，所以D項不正確。

　　2、【參考答案】B

　　【考點】事實細節(jié)題

　　【精析】B 根據(jù)第三段第一句“…a nearterm robot revolution that will echo the computing revolution of recent decades.”可知，機器人革命在不久的將來會到來，伴隨著近幾十年來的計算機革命，而不是在計算機革命之前發(fā)生，所以選項A錯誤。根據(jù)第三段第二句“And he says…enabling robots to learn more like humans…demonstrate behaviors and asking questions.”可知，B項正確。另外，根據(jù)第四段第一句“The robots…are analogous to the mainframe computer of the 1970s…”可知，如今所見到的機器人跟70年代的主機是極其相似的，而非“機器革命出現(xiàn)在70年代”，C項錯誤。D項陳述的是事實，并不是Chad Jenkins所相信或者期待的事情，所以不正確。

　　3、【參考答案】C

　　【考點】事實細節(jié)題

　　【精析】C根據(jù)第六段第一句“And entrepreneurs like Dmitry Grishin， founder of a major Russian investment firm…”可知，Grishin成立的是一家投資公司，所以應選C。

　　4、【參考答案】C【考點】事實細節(jié)題【精析】C 根據(jù)第七段“…robots will have to evolve from machines…into automatons…because it’s impossible to pre-program a robot for everything it will encounter in the ever-changing real world.”可知，機器人必須成為真正會學習的自動機器人，因為在不斷變化的現(xiàn)實生活中無法預設機器人遇到的所有情況。故選C。

　　5、【參考答案】B

　　【考點】事實細節(jié)題

　　【精析】B根據(jù)第五段“And these platforms are going to get cheaper…”可知，機器人平臺會變得越來越便宜，而不是變得非常貴重。故選B。